EXAM 1: from Savall et al (2008) book Boje, 2011, 2012) book: QUANTUM STORYTELLING and "Quantum Storytelling: Blacksmithing Art in the Quantum Age" Film, and On Line Book" Quantum Spirals for Organization Consulting

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The purpose of thes studyguide is to give you a basic understanding of the different kinds of antenarrative (linear-, cyclic-, spiral-, and rhizome-antenarratives), and to illustrate their relation to kinds of causality (formal, material, final, and efficient). You are the efficient cause, the activator of change. By understanding subtle differences in types of spiral processes (Archimedian, Logrithmic, & Quanta) you can bette appreciate the Heisenberg Uncertainty and Observer-Effect principles. You cannot measure both position and movement of a quanta-particle at the same time. Your observation of movement is different than you observation of exact position. Here we measure movement, and create the ubsurge spiral-antenarrative by doing three D-P-I-E cycles (these are positional), yet they result in movements of Quantum Double Spiral, by turning successive potentia into actuality. Organizaiton consulting is easy. Step 1, take fieldnotes, step 2 do you D-P-I-E cycles, and step 3 follow the 23 steps to creation of an upsurge-double-spiral. It is way way to change the rules of the game, and develop a strategy not plagued by linear thinking. First we will review the linear thinking, then move into nonlinear and then more dynamic double-spiral consulting processes. For the MBA, at the end is some advanced material just for you.

Question 1: What is the longest time path to construct this house? For your answer, draw that path and label its path activities. This is a measurement of position, but it is not movement. This is a linear-antenarrative of positions put into a chart of time start and stop sequences.

What is Antenarrative? It is defined as a double meaning of 'ante': ante as 'before' and ante as 'bet'. It is important to know the differece between weak processes such as the linear chart below, and the non-linear processes. It is a weak process, a structure of stages in a plan, but it is not movement.

Figure 1: PERT Chart for buiding a house? (PERT FOR HOUSE).

Question 2: Do A PERT chart for this class. List activities involved in completing your Consulting Project, develop time-duration estimates (best case, most likely, worst case) for each activity, draw a path chart, and indicate the 'critical path' using most likely time estimates?

Question 3: Draw Three types of Geometric Spirals? Draw an Archimedian Spiral, a Logrithmic Spiral, and a Q-Spiral?

Figure 2- This is example of Archimedian Spiral (it has equal spaced turns, also known as twirls and orbits).

Figure 3 - This is example of taking three D-P-I-E cycles and stringing them together over the course of one semester to fashion a Logrithmic Spiral (it has ever increasing or ever decreasing turns) that result in an UPDRAFT SPIRAL.

In doing SEAM consulting, you will do three D-P-I-E cycles (D diagnostic of dysfunctions hisdden costs and untapped revenues that you communicate face-to-face with your client in a MIRROR EFFECT meeting, P project plan, I implementation of project, and E evaluation of project results). Each cycle is a series of position-phases, and is not a movement, until you combine the cycles, in some series of amplificaiton (& hopefully not counteracting, tightening, death spiral).

Above is a Tubular Spiral Seashell (Lamniconus) [source]. It has a multispiral conical shape as the outer cusp expands bysuccessive activation (catalysts) of substances forming the wave effect of growth in a reaction-diffusion process. Your job as consultants is to build an upsurge spiral-antenarrative, one with waves of small growth in reaction-diffusion changes from the three D-P-I-E cycles you create with your client..

Next is the Quantum Spiral (Q-Spiral). Here is where by the Uncertainty Principle (see question below), you get MOVEMENT instead of just POSITION.

Figure 18 - A Q-Double-Spiral Model of the Processes of a organization with Bridges between Whorls, and a Fractal-spiral off-shoot (Drawing by D. Boje, July 18, 2012)

Note that the Q-Double-Spiral, has asymmetries. It is not a simplistic (naive) sort of spiral what has one-way flow around a solitary axis of rotation. The Q-spiral has offshoots (fractals), quantum leaps between the twirls (orbits), turning-points in the momentum. Q-Double-Spiral has embeddedness in multiple spirals (such as the green and cainbow offshoots).

It has two kinds of motion: the upward and doward motion within the spiral dyanamics, and the motion of movement across an environment that has at least three dimensions: Performance, Timescape, and Landscape. High peaks of performance net more revenue by being innovative. Lower peaks of performance have more competitors wallowing in the valleys. The Red Cross marks where the organization is now in its environment. The double spiral moves in timescape making a generating upward and downward curve along its leading edges, making small incremental moves (and some big quantum leaps).

Figure 4 - This is example of Q- Double Spiral. It has upward and downward directions in the same spiral, and it is mobile (moving) in trajectory in its environment that has 3 dimensions of its environment (landscape, timescape, and materail-performance).

Double-spiral-antenarratives are buffeted about by updrafts and downdrafts (depicted in the two larger arrows above). It is like doing glider plane flight, you coast along until you sense an updraft force, move into its momentum, and ascence thousands of feet by doing a gental climbing spiral motion, then exit the updraft, and coast along descending slowly, until it is time to search out another updraft. It is the smae for organiztions, you as a consultant need to observe and note the updrafts, so that a Q-Double-Spiral can glode along an updraft. For example, the Las Cruces downtown, outdoor mall (Farmers Crafts Market) opens each Saturday, and vendor's share the updraft of their collaborative involvmeent, as well as the, beutification of the downtown, its renewal. Once long ago, markets met in the courtyard of St Genoveve Church, it was torn down in the urban renewal frenzy, and the downtown had no 'soul' no updraft momentum, that venders could glide into. Now there are musicians, fantastic organic produce, and a hundred artists assembled, each their own small business, sharing int the updraft.

In your answer, please explain that a double spiral has both an upward and a downward Quantum movement. In small incremental growth, the upward spiral extends outward in upsurge, while at the same time, having a downward spiral the flushes out toxic people and toxic substances (waste). A double spiral has both upward and downward momentum forces, in motion, simultaneously. It is not an either/or, not either an upward or a downward spiral, rather it is a double spiral! This is a strong process understanding of double spiral dynamics, rather than a weak process where there are recurring stages, or petrified sequences, as in the cyclic-antenarrative (where the same phases recur again and again. In the double spiral-antenarrative, you get repittions of difference, creating amplifactions and contractions (deviation-amplification & deviation-counteraction, in technical terms, centrifugal and centripetal spiral wave forces).

As consultants you work with your client to effect a change in the environmental landscape, and the Q-spiral reacts to the change while effecting the change. You are activators of change using D-P-I-E cycles of intervention, along a timescape. The timescape has three Δt's, the delta change in time for each cycle, that combine in three amplifactions to make an upsurge Double Spiral.

Question 4: What is a Time Spiral?

The Time Spiral has three forces of change, the Δt's. The spiral and each axis of change is an antenarrative (buildup of future-shaping waves) in the small business you consult. The Time Spiral is part of the Savall et al (2008: 26) book's chart: The Axes of Socio-Economic 'Intervention Research.' The Time Spiral is actually three-dimensional, but the figure makes it look flat. Is this an upward or a downward spiral. We don't know. The Time Spiral is slowing, then speeding up, making its turns, achieving tempo. I am not sure what is around the bend. I make a bet (an ante). I can see the swirl just completed. Time Spiral is two antes: (1) a 'bet' on what the future will be, and (2) a 'before' I know for sure. A turn is in process. There is a forward rolling motion and some undercurrent. The pace and forces of change is faster than I like it to be. I place my bets.

Figure 5 – Archimidean Time Spiral (Source, p. 26 in Savall, Zardet, & Bonnet, 2008)

I am utterly swept away in the ascent from the center of this Time Spiral, from its core to its periphery.  Ante up. My bet is the descent has even greater velocity.  Each bet-point (ante-bet) on the Time Spiral is once-occurrent, never-repeated Being-as-event, and the not-yet (ante-before) becoming Future. Only the cycles recur (Nietzsche’s eternal return cycle is rare). Most cycle antenarratives do not recur. The very expectation of an increase in one force of change, tilts the Time Spiral. Lost balance! The pace of change puts me on alert to shortfalls (more ante-bets). A shift in the antenarrative Time Spiral, its upward or downward twirl is immanent. Place your bets on the next spin, the next whirl of the Archimedian Time Spiral.

 Here you are. I don't know your life, your narrative-past, your living story web relationships Now, or the antenarrative lines and more spirals you are in that are future-shaping your careers. The small gaps between two spirals, are gaps of stillness, emerging in you. Elkhart Tolle in a YouTube I am listening to, says it's a gap where there is no noise playing in the head, from the thoughts, or the storyline, telling me who you are, telling you who you are. The narrative is who you think you are, that your parents gave you, and you glance at it in retrospection (backward looking) forming your thought-mentally derived self. Living stories are happening in the Now, in your field of awareness, but the narrative you have telling yourself for so long, as your identity, has emptied out so many living story experiences.

Question 5: What is an Antenarrative? Short answer: antenarrative is defined as a 'before' narrative empties out living story webs of their aliveness, and secondly, as a 'bet' of how the future will unfold. Answer the quesiton by illustrating and labeling four kinds of antenarrative: linear-, cyclic-, spiral-, and rhiizome-antenarrative. The linear-and cyclic- are all about position, and the spiral- and rhizomatic-antenarratives are all about movement. According to the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle, you don't get to have both at once. The observer effect, is also in play in each of the kinds of antenarrative. You observe with a linear lens and you get, guess what, linear modeling. Problem is the linear modeling cannot adeautely model the nonlinear world, so the linar planning strategies keep breaking down.

Above is a PERT Chart, an example of a Linear-Antenarrative of building a forged rack for a motorcycle.

For example, in a PERT chart the 'before' is all the living stories of stakeholders, and the after is its rendition into a linear PERT chart-narrative. The 'bet' is that the past (arrows) will repeat exactly in the future. But of course, this never happens, due to all the dysfunctions one encounters (lateness, poor deliveryis, wrong parts, lack of training, etc.). More sophisticated answer: Antenarratives are defined as two types of antes: (1) future-shaping 'bets' the future-shaping waves of change and (2) echo waves bouncing back way 'before' the rigid narrative-past locks in its structure/form/plot/monologic (Boje, 2001, 2012a, b).

Above you see three D-P-I-E cycle-antenarratives, strung together to form a logrithmic-spiral-antenarrative. You are starting with cycle stage positions, and transforming them into a spiral-antenarrative of the 3M's motion, movement, momentum.

Above is a Logrithmic Spiral Seashell, an example of a Spiral-Antenarrative. Over the primordial life of the seashell creature, it develops a leading edge of spiral transformation, adding to its shell.

Here the ante up, the 'bet' is that three D-P-I-E cycles, spaced activators, in time, across one semestor will result in a logrithmic upsurge of growth and prosperity. But where to these untapped resources come form in-order-to create an unsurge-spiral-antenarrative? They come from the taproots in the rhizomatic-antenarrative, out of which the SEAM four-leaf clover patch grows.

Above is a Rhizome assemblage, a series of tap-root-stems sprouting clovers, and it is an example of a rhizomatic-antenarrative. SEAM includes an analysis of untapped revenue potential, that is blocked by the taproots (stem roots) in the workings of an organization.

This is the fourleaf SEAM clover. It is used in D-P-I-E cycle for Diagnosis of the organiztion's dysfunctions (excesses and deficiencies), but it is only the surface level, and you need to dig out the root-stems of the rhizome, to find that untapped revenue potential.

Question 6: What is the type of causality assocated with each of the four antenarratives, give an example of each?

Short Answer: Four kinds of antenarrative each with its own sort of causality: linear-, cyclic-, spiral-, and rhizomatic-antenarrative-causality. Linear-antenarrative (e.g. PERT and critical path charts), Cyclic-antenarrative (Production cycle charts), Spiral (upward and downward socioeconomic episode sequences), Rhizome-antenarrative Each type of antenarrative connects living story to narrative, in a different way:

Please in your answer put in the 4 types of 'causality' in your answer.

Morin (2008: 60-1) looks at the problems inherent in the first three causalities, to which I will add a fourth: 

• FIRST isLinear-antenarrative causality:  “If with some raw material, applying some process of transformation, we produce some consumer object, we are in a frame of linear causality: z cause produces y effects” (p. 61). A good example of linear causal is PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique) for specifying the Critical Path (the longest time sequence).
• 
• Figure 6 - Building a Rack for my Harley-Davidson using blacksmithing forge process
• SECOND is Cyclic-antenarrative causality  (feedback loop causality): “An enterprise needs to be regulated. It must carry out its production based on external needs, from the power of its work and its internal energy capacity. But we know – have known for about 40 years now, thanks to cybernetics – that the effect (sales or slumps) can feed back to stimulate or slow the production of objects and services in the enterprise” (p. 61).
• THIRD is Spiral-antenarrative causality  (recursive causality): “In the recursive process, the effects and products are necessary to the process that creates them. The product is producer of that which produces it. …  Society itself, as an organized and organizing whole, feeds back to produce the individuals through education, language, and school. The individuals, in their interactions, produce society, which produces the individuals that produce it. This creates a spiral circuit through historical evolution” (p. 61). 
• FOURTH is Rhizomatic-antenarrative causality, (aka Assemblage or network causality)  (relational/mutual and recursive): cause and effects are in an assemblage network, or ‘rhizome’ of relationships, in a repetition of difference that deterritorializes and reterritorializes the landscape (see Deleuze & Guattari, 1987). Here is an example of rhizome-causality from SEAM consultuing.
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• Figure 7 - The 4-Leaf Clover with 6 below ground Tubers (aka root-stems).
• The tubers (root-stems) below ground of the 4-leaf clover (which is a rhizome).
• In rhizomatic (relational) causality, “This relational type of causality involves recognizing that an effect is caused by the relationship, often one of balance or imbalance, between elements of a system. Neither element is the cause by itself” (Harvard Graduate School of Education, 2008: 6). http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/smg/Website/UCP/causal/causal_types.html This means in the SEAM consulting, we encounter below ground tubers that are effecting the surface dysfunctions found in the 4 leaves of the clover. Until deep roots are changes, the surface dysfunctions keep happing.

(1) TYPE 1: The linear antenarratives link living story to narrative, by narrative taking one plot from a rich diversity of living stories, and leaving the others behind in-order--to construct one linear-plot. Many small businesses are stuck-in-the-past narrative, and rolling it over into a linear antenarrative of their future strategic plans, and they keep replicating the linear path. The proble with being stuck-in-the-past is one misses the whole set of living stories emerging in the Present, that define new future strategic paths. It is a rut! That narrative-past fiction that takes one plot of one living story, then reincarnats it into linear antenarrative dissolves in the Time Spiral, creates teh deeply rooted tubers, and a four-leaf SEAM clover (a flower) opens into many dysfunctions.

(2) TYPE 2: The cyclic antenarrative. Examples are cycle times, life cycles of products and organizations, cash-to-cash cycles, inventory turn cycles, etc. There are many recurring small business cycles, especially in seasonal natural cycle, Aggie-businesses in farms and ranch, for example, the harvesting and herding cycles. The cycles have stages that allow you to predict what will happen in the subsequent stage. Many times, these small business cycles become spirals because the cycle does not repeat exactly each time, into the future. As the whorl amplifies or contracts, it is more accurately a, spiral of some sort.

Can you as a consultant help a client move out of linear- and cyclic-antenarrative ruts into a Q-spiral-antenarrative understanding?

(3) TYPE 3: Spirals are future shaping. I got a phone call from a client who did not want our mail-order chemicals, but did want a printer who could run an AB Dick press. (see YouTube video of this press). That happy accident took us upwards on the Time Spiral, away from dead end mail order chemical business and into Personnel-For-Printers.The twirl of the Time Spiral can tighten or loosen, on me, and its momentum can speed or slow. How I love the pauses, and the spacious nothingness in-between the twirls.  I can turn away from a weaker spiral, but other times its force of change will buildup and the whirl will move more timespacemattering that I can process, keep pace with.

Figure 8 - Upward Spiral Antenarrative - From Chapter Two Quantum Storytelling BOOK

This upward spiral antenarrative is what happened in a small business I ran with partners (first mistake), called Personnel-For-Printers. The ante (a bet) and the other ante (a before) it became this small business, when it was an entirely different rut of a business, whose lines and cycles were not working. It happened in serendipity! I made a happiness discovery one day and did not know I was seeking serendipity.  Two other partners and I began a Mail-order Chemical Supplies for Printing Businesses. My job as a writer was to write the newsletter.  I will call the two partners, Ernie and Sammy. Ernie had been selling a Japanese brand of electrostatic masters (used on printers instead of the metal ones), and Sammy had been running a commercial print shop, but was tired of it. We were friends at church, and decided to launch a small business. Never do this! Never think that just because they are church-friends they are good business partners! The friendship turns instrumental (see Aristotle 360 BCE). We started the small business in Sammy’s garage with a truck load of printing chemicals. We distributed our newsletter to a hundred print shops, and no orders came in. Then serendipity struck.
           
            Going with the flow is always good advice. Going against the flow of the spiral is easier when there are few pressures built-up in the whirl. The whirl is centrifugal (throwing me outward) and centripetal (pulling me inward). 
            Time Spiral is not water, but I do have the feeling of surfing a wave.  When I cut across the directional flow, on one of the forces of change (axes), I do go much faster. Feel the Time Spiral’s energy. It curls and swirls around me. I try not to be disturbed by its time currents, and remain in timelessness.  

Instead of downward spiral being different and separate from an upward spiral, in the socioeconomic world of organizations, there are both upward adn downward forces in the same spiral-structure. This is depicted in the Q-Spiral.

Figure 9- Q-Spiral with up and down, left and right directionalities in the same structure.

4. TYPE 4: Rhizome-antenarratives - This is the 4th type of antenarrative linear, cyclic, and spiral are the others). There are plant and more thing assemblages. You have assemblage happening all around you, and oftentimes do not notice it at all!

            Figure 10 Assemblage (rhizome) antenarrative

You have assemblages (clothes, stuff in purses and wallets, things spread about your desk). The small business has its assemblages, and each thing has a history, and an ante (a bet) and a different ante (a before future is all known). Each thing is an 'actant' a non-human, non-animal actant in the unfolding, moving, changing assemblage. Each thing is 'vibrant matter' (Bennett, 2010). There are roots (above ground) and roots (below ground) in a plant-rhizome. Vibrant materiality assemblages are all about us.

Question 7: What is a Living Story? Define it?

Question 8: What did Boje do in Vietnam War and Why did he end up teaching, and what is your living story of arriving here in this small business class? I don't know your narrative-past, your living story relationships, your antenarrative lines or spirals that are future-shaping your career. Let me introduce myself. In Vietnam, I was a golf pro.

Figure 11 As a Spec-5 Army Sergeant, I was a Golf Pro in Vietnam - where I got my start in small business, running the Golf Pro Shop

Figure 12 - Always in a Good Mood, Daniel Q. Boje

I got into teaching business after my dad (Daniel Quintan Boje) lost a million dollars. He created a small business, an upward spiral, from his trash-compactor invention (read story here). For more on this invention see (Boje 1999): 10 Cadillacs Story and the Monster.

Figure 13 - This is what Daniel Q. Boje's Trash Compactor looks like today

Figure 14 - Daniel Q Boje US Pat NO. 3,384,007 issued May 21, 1968 Patented Apr 9 1974 (approved) See Source

You can see his invention in use behind many of the shopping malls, compacting cardboard into a huge container. He had invested $750,000 in the stock market in a brokerage house that was uninsured (before such insurance was required). He lost it all when the brokerage firm collapsed. The remaining $250K was invested in a construction business and in starting Mid-Atlantic Golf Association (to compete with the PGA). Cash poor, these small business ventures entered the downward spiral and they collapsed.

Figure 15 - Patent number: 4177484  Filing date: May 16, 1977  Issue date: Dec 4, 1979 Inventor: Daniel Q. Boje

See Patent for the lens; close up of just lens patent image; front view of console

He kept inventing, and invented wide-screen TV (an earlier model that has a magnifying lens, for which he received a design patent award from the U.S. Patent Office, and that is something they rarely give). But low and behold, just as in the Personnel-For-Printers case, he had a partner, one even less virtuous than mine. His partner sold the stock in the new company three times to three different groups of investors, and that is fraud. The partner took the money and ran off to the UK, never to be seen or heard again. My father's new business entered a downward spiral antenarrative, and it could not be reversed. No matter how we tried, it could not be saved.

Dad created a third invention, a coffee-maker that ran on hydraulics for its controls, and shot scalding hot water through coffee bags (strung together). It was meant for restaurant use. Actor Telly Savalis was his main investor. The venture failed, and after three failed business enterprises, and three divorces, he went off to be a hermit doing gold prospecting in the Oregon National Forest, just west of Port Orford, along Elk River.

I have an "ante" a small "bet" that you are all "Aggies!" I assume you care about ranching, farming, animals and plants. You are aware that "Aggie" identity is coming to an end, and does not give you an identity anymore, not as it did to your father and mother, or grandfather and grandmother, or great ones (ante) before. For years the small business has been trying to get out of a narrative-past, a living story nightmare of predominately misery, and according to Tolle, their ego feels stronger in that ("Looking for further unhappy experiences, that strengthen their sense of self" as a pain body), and wants more antenarratives that shape that future. Answer: we are here to change their storytelling to one less dysfunctional (less deficiency and excess) so they have happiness (virtue). The small business searches for a greater, deeper antenarrative of possible future.

Question 9: What is the Virtue Upward Spiral (draw and label it as a Q-spiral with both upward and downward directions in self-same structure)? I will show you two diagrams, an upward spiral and a downward spiral. Combine them into one drawing.

In the Upward Virtue Spiral is a series of virtue decisions, and in each one finding the mean (intermediate) state between excess and deficiency keeps the spiral in its left-right orbit. Happiness if the Highest Good and Justice is sum of all virtues.

Figure 16 - The Virtue Spiral - copyright D. M. Boje, Ph.D., Chapter 9 in Quantum Physics of Storytelling book

There are virtues of feeling, thought, and action in small business, choice points along a Virtue Spiral, or perhaps a Vice Spiral. The virtue, according to Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics (aka Virtue Ethics) is the intermediate state (exploring the mean between deficiency and excess). The small business owner and employees have dysfunctions in their business when they cannot find the state of virtue at each twirl of the spiral between the excess, a vice-temptation-choice that pulls the Virtue Spiral one way, and deficiency, a temptation to vice that pushes the small business the other way. Functional small business has found the intermediate state, has found quality, value-added, ethical choiceworthy action. Dysfunctional is low-quality, rip-off service, shoddy craftsmanship, excess charges, etc. Root them out and more profit and lower coast and higher quality accrues in the long run (that is what your consulting is all about).

• Bravery is the mean between fear (deficiency: cowardice) and rash (excess: over-confidence).
• Temperance is the mean between insensible (deficiency: under-nourished, thirst, not investing in upkeep) and intemperance (excess: eating, drinking, wastefulness).
• Generosity is the mean between stingy/selfish (deficiency: low giving & taking for self only) and wasteful (excess: too much giving away & taking-greed).
• Magnificence is the mean between not claiming honor (deficiency: door mat does not stand in their honor that is due them) and honor-lover (excess: ostentatious, vulgarity).
• Magnanimity is the mean between pusillanimity (deficiency: does not think themselves worthy of good things) and vain (excess: pretender to what they did not earn or merit).
• Mildness in anger is the mean (right amount, time, place, etc) between irascibility (not angry at right things ought to be angry at) and over-aggression (excess: quarrelsome in aggressive-anger at wrong people at wrong time in wrong way).
• Truthful is mean between self-depreciation (deficient: tears self down), and boastfulness (excess: tells you more than you care to know).
• Wit is mean between buffoonery (deficiency: witless) and boorish (excess: gilds it, over does it) in conversation and storytelling.
• Friendship (comes in many types). The mean between no friends of any sort (deficiency: friendless) and It is the mean (unconditionally friendly to good people; pleasant-friendly in itself) is between ingratiating (making friends just to use them [reciprocating their goodwill], to get something [for utility or expediency]) or to slander (to take away something) --- AND --- too friendly (deficient: flatterer to more powerful people, loving only if they have worth/wealth, taking more than their fair/just return in the friendship) (Book 8, Chaps 2-10).
• Distributive justice is proportionate a mean between not giving equal shares (deficient: in distribution of rewards) in proportion to to their contribution (excess: some getting more than they deserve or paid for).
• Justice in rectification looks at differences (differentia) in finding the mean (restoring the situation to its former balance by repaying loss to victim), in the harm and suffering (deficient: victims not restored, not properly compensated, and perps not punished as they should be or perps profits kept by them) and taking too much (restoring more to victims by taking too much, subtracting too much from the perp).
• Justice in exchange is proportionate reciprocity of need-for-need. If small business 'A' constructs houses, and small business 'B' makes shoes, then there needs to be proportionate equality in their bartering or monetary currency exchange (achieve commensurability); neither deficiency (robbing) or excess (greed) for either party.
• Political justice is the mean between doing injustice and suffering injustice for create of the common good (nobody is totally happy with the result). Deficiency (poor get poorer) and Excess (fat cats get fatter, and pork barrels more porky).
• Justice in action is the mean in a small business decision between an award that is too little (low quality, low productivity, bad service), and an award that is too much (consumer greed, theft, braggart, etc). Justice (and all the virtues) are dependent on being voluntary (not forced by a tyrant, not being a slave) the "actions are in the agent's power" (Book 5, Chap 8).

The Virtue Spiral depicts Happiness as The Highest Good (Aristotle, Book 1, Chap 2), and twirls through many choice-points (each a deliberation state that has deficiency or excess) (Book 6, Chap 9 deliberation 'by the correct process' in each episode) and the Virtue Spiral whirls eventually into the depths of Justice (Book 5). Virtue then is being the "living embodiment of what is just" (Book 5, Chap 5). Justice is the sum of all virtues in the Virtue Spiral from the highest good (happiness) to all the types of justice. Justice is fair, equitable, and proportionate. "Virtue is the same as justice" and is a "promoting the common good" (Book 5).

Sometimes a small business enters a downward spiral antenarrative. Here is an example

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Figure 17 - Downward Small Business Spiral Antenarrative Example from Chapter 2 Quantum Physics of Storytelling

Zemblanity means the opposite of serendipity: Making very unhappy, unlucky and unexpected discoveries by design of what we really don’t want to know (Boyd, 1998; see also Roemer, 1995).  I discovered that certain accounting information was being suppressed by my partner, Sammy. I really did not want to know the level of vice, corruption, and deception going on. Zemblanity struck! Sammy went on vacation and I discovered piles of bills from vendors unpaid, and worse, unpaid tax payments to the IRS for payroll, social security, FICA. It was a disaster, a collapse of our small business ethics. I was complicit and answerable, because as co-owner I should know what is going on with regard to the accounting. I dug deeper and found more accounts receivable, growing older. After 90 days, most of it just is never collectable.
            Sammie, my partner, wanted to play the role of accountant. Trouble was he was inexperienced. And he was stingy, refusing to pay the vendors, dragging the payments out until they were 60, 90, 120 days overdue.  A downward spiral is an awful, painful experience. Sammie went on vacation.  I got a look at the difference between receipts, what was reported in the accounting, and what we owed. We were in trouble. So I got the staff together, and we made calls, and sent couriers and collected thousands of dollars and paid off vendors and made IRS payments. It was not near enough.

And that is why, all these downward small business spirals, I now stress the virtues.

There are other vices and virtues and intermediate pathways through the Virtue Spiral. These you must find in each small business. It is important that the class begins with a study of ethics, since the unethical small business will ultimately fail, and not serve the common good (happiness). One role model of not only virtue but several other types of ethics is Bill Daniels.

Question 10: What are the major types of Ethics used by Bill Daniels and give two examples from his life story? Short Answer, virtue, instrumental, answerability, and rule-based. For the examples, read on.

Figure 18: Basic Types of Ethics related to Principle-Based Ethics - copyright Chapter on ethics in Quantum Storytelling BOOK by D. Boje

Figure 19 - Defining Types of Ethics Related or Not to Bill Daniels - copyright D. Boje, Chapter 9, Quantum PStorytelling BOOK by D. Boje

NMSU-UNM YouTube Conference Jan 7: NMSU-NMSU Teaching Business Ethics

Question 11: Name all elements in A-B-C-D axes chart and explain the E-spiral? See charts (p. 26 of Savall et al, 2008 textbook, again by memory or use 'storytelling notebook' entries, but no other notes, papers, or electronic media).

Figure 20 -The Four Axes (A B C D) of Socio-Economic Approach to 'Intervention Research'

See report outline for complete desciption of all items in this chart

See p. 26 in Savall, Zardet, & Bonnet (2008) book for original version of this chart (include chart in your mid-term and final report with explanation that you client will understand) and for more info see Chapter 7 of Quantum Storytelling BOOK by D. Boje.

This is your antenarrative Time Spiral. It has four axes in the on line version.

Axis A-Spiral is known as D-P-I-E cycles, doing 3 small projects leads to updraft spiraling: Diagnostic, Project, Implementation, and Evaluation of Results.

Axis B-Spiral seems linear, all the 7 tools in a line, but this is itself a Force of Change, and the Time Spiral whirls through this axis, and the other two, one-by-one: Time Management, Strategic Piloting Notebook (its the one you are writing in now), Priority Action Plan (is a linear antenarrative), Competency Grid, Internal/External Strategic Action Plan (also a linear antenarrative), Periodically Negotiated Activity Contract (what you agree to do with your client between now and end of term), and Spiral Updraft tool (making linear and cyclical into upward draft spiral).

Axis C-Spiral is also points along the Time Spiral, and a Force of Change, Main Directions, Rules of the Game, Resources Redeployment, Technological and Procedural Changes, Strategic Choice: Product Market, Choice of Management System, Strategic Development of Human Resources. Axis C is all the Structures and Behaviors that have atrophied, as presenting in the Four-Leaf Clover.

Axis D-Spiral are the 11 D's of Quantum Storytelling, the diagnostic questions, as presented in the YouTube Film. Asking the questions of your client, sets up changes (Observer Effects of the questioning process, as it becomes self-fulfilling).

Question 12: Name all elements in all four leaves 4-Leaf Clover chart and the root stems? (Savall et al 2008 book p. 124, p. 33)

Figure 21 - Adapted from the 4-Leaf Clover (Diagnostic of Small Business Dysfunctions) (see p. 124 and p. 33 for stems, in Savall, Zardet, & Bonnet, 2008) book for the original version). Include 4-Leaf drawing in your mid-term and final report that your client will understand and appreciate.

Figure 22 - Heart-Sword of Care and De-Severance- copyright Chapter 8 of Quantum Storytelling BOOK by D. Boje

Question 13: Explain the facets of the Heart-Sword of Care and De-Severance?

The Heart-Sword has a heart of Care and De-Severance, a spiral hilt, and a double-edge sword to strike through every sort of storytelling (past, present, and future). Let it flow through you! "Not seeking yourself in past of future.. Embrace Now ... the the form that is there" (Tolle, ibid).

This figure is a ritualized image of "Intervention Research" into what I am calling 'Storytelling Standpoint Methodology.' The left hand has a heart-sword of care & compassion, and it DE-severs (meaning it joins instead of cut), so as to reconnect the past and future, present and past, present and future. De-severance of space, of time, and of matter is explained in the YouTube Film ""Quantum Storytelling: Blacksmithing Art in the Quantum Age".

The two edges of the heart-sword stand for (1) emotional-volitional tone of the storytelling standpoint, and (2) the seeing of 'what is' in Nowness.

Figure 23 - Heart Sword in its Hologram - copyright Chapter 8 Quantum Storytelling BOOK by D. Boje

The Heart-Sword figure is within what I call a "storytelling hologram" (Boje, 2008a). The architectonic means the interanimation between ethics, aesthetics, and cognitive (thought/thinking/mental) discourses. The Null has his/her right hand in the plane of the narrative past, a left leg in living story plane of Now relationships, and is cutting through the antenarrative plane. The Null can cut through the narratives, living stories (draining energy) and the sorts of antenarrative (future-shaping) choices that are not intermediate (have excess or deficiency). This brings us to Storytelling Standpoint Methodology, an inquiry into the Storytelling Hologram of the small business.

Question 14: What is Storytelling Standpoint Methodology?

Short Answer: Storytelling Standpoint method is defined diagnosing the narratives of the past, living story webs of aliveness in the Present, and the four kinds of antenarrative bridges between them (linear, cyclical, spiral, & rhizomatic).

More detailed answer: It is defined as the (efficacy) force of your storytelling consulting. Is the small business stuck-in-the-narrative-past? Is it stuck-in-the-antenarrative-future? E.g. trying to be linear, when a different antenarrative future-shaping wave would resolve deficiencies and excess. We must look behind the veil, not just work with the symptoms of a problem. There are people unseen behind the curtain (Wizard of OZ). You have a standpoint and each person in the small business has a standpoint (stuck in the past, in Nowness living relationships, or stuck in the future). Storytelling standpoint comes from the storytelling expressions in your writing in your storytelling notebook, in the oral telling you do with the client, in class during your presentations, and in the changes in the storytelling that the small business does as a result: changes in their marketing, changes in their understanding of the Little Wow Moments of their past, changes in the living story web of relationships to stakeholders (Now), and changes in the antenarratives, shaping their future

Small business idyllic is “a grafting of life and its event to a place, a familiar territory with its nooks and crannies, its familiar mountains, valleys, fields, rivers, and forests, and one’s own home” (Bakhtin, 1981: 225). The small business idyllic includes the family-as-idyll (family small business), nature-as-idyll (ranching & farming and other outdoor small business), and aesthetic-as-idyll (artistic or crafts-based small business). In family business one’s spouse, parents, children, or other relatives may work in the business, in a sequence of generations. 

The idyll of the Old Wild (South) West, the ranching and farming ways of New Mexico once occupied a very large place of significance. It is still a storytelling standpoint, a force to be reckoned with, in Las Cruces, in cities and towns across the state.

Question 15: Who is Wilda?

Figure 24- Boje's Grandmother, Wilda Eaton, a trick rider in the rodeo - from Chapter 1 Quantum Storytelling BOOK by D. Boje

I want to say something important about being a small business in the Wild West. Wilda's parents were farmers, and she married Ray Eaton, a Wild West sheep herder, and silver and gold prospector, and occasional bootlegger. Wilda’s father, William Henry Shelton (born July 26 1863 in Brownstown, Indiana; died Aug. 18 1946 in Toppenish, WN, buried at Tacoma Cemetery in Yakima, WN) and mother was Virginia Tuttle (born Mar 13 1863 in Wayne County Iowa and died Oct. 11
1944 in Toppenish and buried in Yakima, WN). William and Virginia came to Washington by covered wagon on the Oregon Trail in 1897. Like Catherine and August, they were farmers. But they grew wheat, and that storytelling standpoint is complexly different. One child (Henry Wayne) died on Oregon Trail. They could not afford the train, so they did the 2000 mile trek by wagon. Here is a photo of that clan, and includes the first husband of Wilda, my grandmother, a Mr. Raymond Eaton, a gold and silver prospector, a bootlegger during the depression, and a sheep herder after that. For more on who is Wilda, see

• Boje, D. M. 2005 c. From Wilda to Disney: Living Stories in Family and Organization Research. Chapter accepted for Jean Clandinin (ed), Handbook of Narrative Inquiry (London: Sage). Introduces one version of a living story concept. Click Here.

Question 16: List Aristotle's Four Causes, and give an example of each?

 e.g. The material cause points to the material constituents of the organization coming into Being-in-the-world.

 e.g. The formal cause embodies the model (drawing, or acrchetype) of the outcome, such as the idea or stratigic objective of the business or school as present in the head of the strategist or consultant.

 e.g. The efficient cause is the source of change (or rest) in the moving cause, such as the business owner working with the consultant, who makes the idea and makes the changes come to life by being an activator of change.

 e.g. the final cause is "that for the sake of which" (in-order-to) create the final shape. You start with potentiality, and move towards actualizing the actual upsurge spiral-antenarrative. The three D-P-I-E cycles are the activators of the final cause, the upsurge spiral. It coevolves in collaboraiton of consultant and client. It has movement activated (by efficient cause_, the the short-term activator (consultant) working with the client in the local neighborhood of stimulos (positive feedback amplification). The consulting projects are catalysis to activate change and amplifaction along the growing edge of the spiral, at time intervals (D-P-I-E cycles), each progressively more impactful than the former. This extends the spiral along material distrubution of four dimensions from Aristotle's "On the Soul":

Question 17: What are the four dimensions of Aristotle's "On the Soul" plus one the Quanta?

To Aristotles four aspects of Soul, let's add a fifth, the Quanta.

1. Qualia - the qualitative differences the spiral-antenarrative makes to the organizaiton

2. Substances - the materialities that are put to new use by finding untapped materiality and putting them to better value-added uses.

3. Potenia - This is final cause, where the potentials arrive from the future, and are actualized by acts of choice-making by consultant working with client.

4. Quantitative - there are quantiative indicators of movement.

PLUS A FIFTH

5. Quanta - Quanta is plural for quantum. Quantum has number and parts of magnitude. In quantum physics, quanta is the smallest amount of activating subatomic energy. The smallest subatomic particle has both wave an position. According to the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle we can either measure the position of a partical (quanta) or its wave motion (quanta), but cannot measure them both at once. The quantum forces of the quantum-spiral-antenarrative have directionalities (inward and outward movement, upward and downward movement, centripetal and centrifugal movement) in waves. Quanta is a discrete quantity of wave energy proportional in magnitude to the frequency and amplitude of wavelenth in the movement of the spiral-antenarrative. .

A organization has material substance, quantities, qualia, potentia, and quanta, relations to place, relation to time of next seven generations, and to performance (peaks and valleys). Qualia is a tipping point between system and antisystem, between the heterogeneity of spaces, times, optics, material agencies, and pressures. To these four, I add the Quanta, the quantum forces of the soul of the spiral-antenarrative.

Question 18: What is the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle and the Observer Effect?

According to the  (Heisenberg, 1958) Uncertainty Principle we can either measure the position of a partical (quanta) or its wave motion (quanta), but cannot measure them both at once. The Heisenberg Uncertainty principlestates that the momentum and position of a particle cannot both be precisely determined at the same time.

"Consider, for example, the position x and the momentum p of a quantum particle such as an electron. The experimenter is free to measure either of these quantities to arbitrary precision, but they cannot possess precise values simultaneously" (Heisenberg, 1958, p. ix).

It is also known as the principle of indeterminancy. (ibid, p. 14)

Observer Effect: "The position of the electron will be known with an accuracy given by the wave length of the y-ray. The electron may have been practically at rest before the observation. But in the act of observation at least one light quantum of the y-ray must have passed the microscope and must first have been deflected by the electron" (ibid, p. 17).

The observer effect is not the same as Potenia: "It contains statements about possibilities or better tendencies ('potentia' in Aristotelian philosophy), and these statements are completely objective, they do not depend on any observer; and it contains statements about our knowledge of the system, which of course are subjective in so far as they may be different for different observers" (ibid, p.22 ).

The observer effect ahs to do with the measuring device: "The measuring device deserves this name only if it is in close contact with the rest of the world, if there is an interaction between the device and the observer" (ibid, p. 25).

As an observer of an organization, you having an effect on that organization. The simple ACT of writing down fieldnotes, interacts with the client, as they see you are paying attention noting what they say to you, their behavior changes, and they tell you things that would not tell you, if you were not writing verbatim fieldnotes. A causal chaion, hopefully an upsurge spiral-effect it set in motion by your notetaking.

In the Copenhagen interpretation, there is both uncertainty and observer effect (ibid, p. 90). You are developing a logbook of indicators to measure the organization's movement, which means you are about the momentum, not about the position (i.e. not measuring stages, or cycles of sameness, rather you are measuring the wave of movement of the spiral itself).

And, "processes in space and time, and it does not matter whether the observer is an apparatus or a human being; but the registration, i.e., the transition from the `possible' to the `actual, ' is absolutely necessary here and cannot be omitted from the interpretation of quantum theory" (p. 90).

In other words, by measuring spiral-antenarrative in space and time, you the consultant-observer register transitions from the possible to the actual, in quantum ways. Put those into your logbook (aka notebook of indicators, as you make your observations, and write verbatim fieldnotes).

Question 19 (for MBAs Only). How to Turn a Hermeneutic Circle into a Hermeneutic Spiral?

Hermeneutics, is defined as an ongoing process of interpretation, such as how you observe and take notes about a client organization.

A hermeneutic circle, has recurring phases (or stages) in a cyclic-antenarrative process. The problem with this sort of interpretation is, the cycles of sameness, do not allow for the repitition of differences. So we need to move from hermeneutic circle (cycles) to the hermeneutic spiral.

Here you see the now familiar, Hermeneutic Spiral in a seashell or in technical terms, a Logrithmic spiral. You observe at first grasp, then insepct detail, and n global inspection move to deeper understanding. The problem with this hermeneutic spiral, is that it is one-way flow, from periphery into the center (the technical word is centripetal).

This is the Hermeneutic Siral of observation. It moves from the center to the periphery (centrfugal) from Alvesson & Sköldberg, 1994, p. 174) (source).

In the double spiral hermeneutic, there is also the forces of spiralness moving from periphery to outer orbits (the technical word is centrifugal).

This is from Tonya Wakefield's dissertation on quantum fractal spirals in organizations. It builds on the Mandelbrot fractal spiral. The Wakefield (2012) dissertation applies the fractal spiral-antenarrative method to an analysis of a not-for-profit organization in Colorado. Answerability is an ethics term, meaning what is one's ethical answerability to intervene in an unfolding process, to make it better, to keep disaster from happening.

This Mandelbrot spiral fractal, has a repitiotn of off-shoot spirals along the main twirl axis. There is also a highly texturized interconnection between the orbits (trirls) . You get a sense of multispiral movements, the main spiral is a wave of several spiral, and along it are fractal off-shoots.

How do you turn a hermeneutic circle into a hermeneutic spiral? By activating the leading edges of amplification, and noting the fractal potentiality, turning the potentia into actuality. As you formulate a spiral hermeneutics in-the-field, you activate observer effects that deepen and chanelize the fractal-spiral-antenarrative, and its motion along a trajectory through an environment (with landscape, timescape, & performance). In this way the centripetal and centrifugal forces of double spiral-antenarrative have internal motion (upward and downward, centripetal and centrifugal), as well as the motion of traveling, moving through the enviornment. This occurs throug quanta activation (catalyst) that change the rules of the game. SUbstantive materialities are energizing the spiral processes. Poetentia is turning some set of futures into actualitiy.

To continue to doctoral level work, see Mgt 655 Systems Theory Course, on Quantum Hermeneutics.